All my pieces seem to start with a personal challenge. The challenge for my abstract bird spinner was to form the bird out of a single sheet of copper. The primary processes used were repoussé and chasing. Repoussé is tooling the metal from the back and chasing is tooling the metal from the front. Over the years I have made many tools, each with its own function. I did use pitch which is a substance that isolates the tooling marks. Heat to anneal, set into pitch, strike tool with a hammer and repeat the sequence. This process has been used for hundreds of years in both eastern and western cultures. I chose to have the bird spin with a light touch for fun. The base is sandstone with some copper ore that picks up the colors in the patina.